Cargo.toml

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "mapping"
-version = "0.1.0"
-edition = "2021"
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "step-01"
-path = "src/map/step_01.rs"
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "step-02"
-path = "src/map/step_02.rs"
-
-[dependencies]
-sophia = "0.9"
-oxigraph = "*"
-mysql = "*"
-urlencoding = "*"

Dockerfile

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-FROM mariadb:10.11
-
-ENV MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD=root
-ENV MARIADB_DATABASE=migrants
-ENV MARIADB_USER=migrants
-ENV MARIADB_PASSWORD=1234
-
-COPY teatre-migrants.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/

README.md

@@ -1,143 +1,3 @@
-# Theatre Migrants
+# migrants
 
-To generate a knowledge graph about migrants in the theatre in Europe.
+To generate a knowledge graph about migrants in the theater in Europe.
-
-## Running the scripts
-
-The mapping scripts have been reimplemented in Rust for faster execution. Both
-scripts must be run from this directory (`mapping/`).
-
-**Prerequisites:** Start the MariaDB container before running step 1:
-
-```sh
-docker compose up -d
-```
-
-**Step 1** — Direct Mapping from MariaDB to RDF (`data/graph-01.ttl`):
-
-```sh
-cargo run --release --bin step-01
-```
-
-**Step 2** — Apply SPARQL UPDATE queries (`data/graph-02.ttl`):
-
-```sh
-cargo run --release --bin step-02
-```
-
-Alternatively, after installing with `cargo install --path .`:
-
-```sh
-step-01
-step-02
-```
-
-## Generating the ontology
-
-Next there are set of steps describing how to generate the migrants RDF graph.
-
-### Step 1 - Loading the input data into a relational database
-
-#### Task
-
-The file `teatre-migrants.sql` contains the dump of a MariaDB database. The tables involved in this schema are described in the file `db_schema.md`. We will load this data in MariaDB to access the data with SQL. To this end:
-
-1. Create a Dockerfile to create a docker container for MariaDB.
-
-2. Upload the dump into a database in the container.
-
-3. Create a Ruby script `map/step-01.rb` that uses the gem `sequel` to connect to the database. This Ruby script should return a file called `graph-01.ttl` containing all the data from the tables loaded in the database using the direct mapping from relational databases to RDF.
-
-#### Summary
-
-The `Dockerfile` creates a MariaDB 10.11 container that automatically loads `teatre-migrants.sql` on first start. The `docker-compose.yml` exposes the database on port 3306 with a healthcheck.
-
-The script `map/step-01.rb` connects to the database via `sequel` and implements the [W3C Direct Mapping](https://www.w3.org/TR/rdb-direct-mapping/) for all 9 tables (`location`, `migration_table`, `organisation`, `person`, `person_profession`, `personnames`, `relationship`, `religions`, `work`). Each table row becomes an RDF resource identified by its primary key, each column becomes a datatype property, and each foreign key becomes an object property linking to the referenced row. The output file `graph-01.ttl` contains 162,029 triples.
-
-To run:
-
-```sh
-docker compose up -d
-bundle exec ruby map/step-01.rb
-```
-
-### Step 2 - Generate Objects
-
-Continents and countries should be objects instead of literals. To this end, we can transform the following data:
-
-```
-base:location\/ARG-BahBlanca-00 a base:location;
-  base:location\#City "Bahia Blanca";
-  base:location\#Continent "South America";
-  base:location\#Country "Argentina";
-  base:location\#GeoNamesID "3865086";
-  base:location\#IDLocation "ARG-BahBlanca-00";
-  base:location\#latitude -3.87253e1;
-  base:location\#longitude -6.22742e1;
-  base:location\#wikidata "Q54108";
-  base:location\#wikipedia "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bah%C3%ADa_Blanca" .
-```
-
-Into the following data:
-
-```
-base:location\/ARG-BahBlanca-00 a base:location;
-  base:location\#City base:City-BahiaBlanca;
-  base:location\#Continent base:Continent-SouthAmerica;
-  base:location\#Country base:Country-Argentina;
-  base:location\#GeoNamesID "3865086";
-  base:location\#IDLocation "ARG-BahBlanca-00";
-  base:location\#latitude -3.87253e1;
-  base:location\#longitude -6.22742e1;
-  base:location\#wikidata "Q54108";
-  base:location\#wikipedia "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bah%C3%ADa_Blanca" .
-
-base:City-BahiaBlanca a base:City;
-  rdfs:label "Bahia Blanca"@en .
-
-base:Continent-SouthAmerica a base:Continent;
-  rdfs:label "South America"@en .
-
-base:Country-Argentina a base:Country;
-  rdfs:label "Argentina"@en .
-```
-
-Notice that all ranges of property `rdfs:label` are stated to be in English.
-
-Generate an SPARQL UPDATE query that do this tranformation for all elements of the table and save it a new folder called `updates`. Do the same with the other tables, proposing which columns should be defined as objects. For every table define a different SPARQL UPDATE query and to be saved in the `updates` folder. Enumerate these generated queries adding a prefix number like 001, 002, 003, and so on.
-
-After generating the update queries, generate a Ruby script that executes the updates on the RDF graph generated in the previous step and generates a new RDF graph to be saved: `data/graph-02.ttl`.
-
-#### Summary
-
-19 SPARQL UPDATE queries in `updates/` transform literal values into typed objects across all tables:
-
-| Query | Table | Column | Object type |
-|-------|-------|--------|-------------|
-| 001 | location | Continent | Continent |
-| 002 | location | Country | Country |
-| 003 | location | State | State |
-| 004 | location | City | City |
-| 005 | migration_table | reason | MigrationReason |
-| 006 | migration_table | reason2 | MigrationReason |
-| 007 | organisation | InstType | InstitutionType |
-| 008 | person | gender | Gender |
-| 009 | person | Nametype | Nametype |
-| 010 | person | Importsource | ImportSource |
-| 011 | person_profession | Eprofession | Profession |
-| 012 | personnames | Nametype | Nametype |
-| 013 | relationship | Relationshiptype | RelationshipType |
-| 014 | relationship | relationshiptype_precise | RelationshipTypePrecise |
-| 015 | religions | religion | Religion |
-| 016 | work | Profession | Profession |
-| 017 | work | Profession2 | Profession |
-| 018 | work | Profession3 | Profession |
-| 019 | work | EmploymentType | EmploymentType |
-
-Each query replaces a literal value with an object reference and creates the object with `rdf:type` and `rdfs:label` (in English). The script `map/step-02.rb` loads `data/graph-01.ttl`, applies all queries in order, and writes `data/graph-02.ttl` (164,632 triples).
-
-To run:
-
-```sh
-bundle exec ruby map/step-02.rb
-```

docker-compose.yml

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-services:
-  db:
-    build: .
-    ports:
-      - "3306:3306"
-    healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD", "healthcheck.sh", "--connect", "--innodb_initialized"]
-      interval: 5s
-      timeout: 5s
-      retries: 10

map/step-01.rb

@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env ruby
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-# Step 1: Direct Mapping from relational database to RDF
-# Implements the W3C Direct Mapping (https://www.w3.org/TR/rdb-direct-mapping/)
-
-require 'sequel'
-require 'rdf'
-require 'rdf/turtle'
-
-BASE_IRI = 'http://example.org/migrants/'
-
-DB = Sequel.mysql2(host: '127.0.0.1', port: 3306, user: 'migrants', database: 'migrants', password: '1234')
-
-# Foreign key definitions: table -> { column -> [referenced_table, referenced_column] }
-FOREIGN_KEYS = {
-  migration_table: {
-    IDPerson:     [:person,       :IDPerson],
-    IDStartPlace: [:location,     :IDLocation],
-    IDDestPlace:  [:location,     :IDLocation]
-  },
-  organisation: {
-    IDLocation: [:location, :IDLocation]
-  },
-  person: {
-    IDBirthPlace: [:location, :IDLocation],
-    IDDeathPlace: [:location, :IDLocation]
-  },
-  personnames: {
-    IDPerson: [:person, :IDPerson]
-  },
-  person_profession: {
-    IDPerson: [:person, :IDPerson]
-  },
-  relationship: {
-    IDPerson_active:  [:person,       :IDPerson],
-    IDPerson_passive: [:person,       :IDPerson],
-    IDLocation:       [:location,     :IDLocation],
-    IDOrganisation:   [:organisation, :IDOrganisation]
-  },
-  religions: {
-    IDPerson: [:person, :IDPerson]
-  },
-  work: {
-    IDPerson:        [:person,       :IDPerson],
-    IDLocation:      [:location,     :IDLocation],
-    IDOrganisation:  [:organisation, :IDOrganisation],
-    IDOrganisation2: [:organisation, :IDOrganisation]
-  }
-}.freeze
-
-# Primary keys for each table
-PRIMARY_KEYS = {
-  location:           :IDLocation,
-  migration_table:    :IDMig,
-  organisation:       :IDOrganisation,
-  person:             :IDPerson,
-  person_profession:  :IDProfPerson,
-  personnames:        :IDPersonname,
-  relationship:       :IDRel,
-  religions:          :IDReligion,
-  work:               :IDWork
-}.freeze
-
-def row_iri(table, pk_value)
-  RDF::URI.new("#{BASE_IRI}#{table}/#{URI.encode_www_form_component(pk_value.to_s)}")
-end
-
-def sanitize_name(name)
-  name.to_s.gsub(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/, '_').gsub(/_+/, '_').gsub(/\A_+|_+\z/, '')
-end
-
-def column_iri(table, column)
-  RDF::URI.new("#{BASE_IRI}#{table}##{sanitize_name(column)}")
-end
-
-def class_iri(table)
-  RDF::URI.new("#{BASE_IRI}#{table}")
-end
-
-def ref_iri(table, fk_col)
-  RDF::URI.new("#{BASE_IRI}#{table}#ref-#{sanitize_name(fk_col)}")
-end
-
-def to_rdf_literal(value)
-  case value
-  when Integer
-    RDF::Literal.new(value, datatype: RDF::XSD.integer)
-  when Float
-    RDF::Literal.new(value, datatype: RDF::XSD.double)
-  when Date
-    RDF::Literal.new(value.to_s, datatype: RDF::XSD.date)
-  when Time, DateTime
-    RDF::Literal.new(value.to_s, datatype: RDF::XSD.dateTime)
-  when TrueClass, FalseClass
-    RDF::Literal.new(value, datatype: RDF::XSD.boolean)
-  else
-    RDF::Literal.new(value.to_s)
-  end
-end
-
-graph = RDF::Graph.new
-
-PRIMARY_KEYS.each do |table, pk_col|
-  fk_defs = FOREIGN_KEYS.fetch(table, {})
-
-  DB[table].each do |row|
-    pk_value = row[pk_col]
-    subject = row_iri(table, pk_value)
-
-    # rdf:type
-    graph << [subject, RDF.type, class_iri(table)]
-
-    row.each do |col, value|
-      next if value.nil?
-
-      col_sym = col.to_sym
-
-      if fk_defs.key?(col_sym)
-        # Foreign key -> object property linking to referenced row
-        ref_table, _ref_col = fk_defs[col_sym]
-        graph << [subject, ref_iri(table, col), row_iri(ref_table, value)]
-      else
-        # Regular column -> datatype property
-        graph << [subject, column_iri(table, col), to_rdf_literal(value)]
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
-
-output_path = File.expand_path('../data/graph-01.ttl', __dir__)
-RDF::Turtle::Writer.open(output_path, prefixes: {
-  rdf: RDF.to_uri,
-  xsd: RDF::XSD.to_uri
-}) do |writer|
-  graph.each_statement { |stmt| writer << stmt }
-end
-
-puts "Written #{graph.count} triples to #{output_path}"

map/step-02.rb

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env ruby
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-# Step 2: Transform literal values into RDF objects using SPARQL UPDATE queries
-
-require 'rdf'
-require 'rdf/turtle'
-require 'sparql'
-
-input_path  = File.expand_path('../data/graph-01.ttl', __dir__)
-output_path = File.expand_path('../data/graph-02.ttl', __dir__)
-updates_dir = File.expand_path('../updates', __dir__)
-
-puts "Loading graph from #{input_path}..."
-graph = RDF::Graph.load(input_path)
-puts "Loaded #{graph.count} triples."
-
-Dir.glob(File.join(updates_dir, '*.rq')).sort.each do |query_file|
-  query = File.read(query_file)
-  name  = File.basename(query_file)
-
-  before = graph.count
-  SPARQL.execute(query, graph, update: true)
-  after = graph.count
-  puts "Applied #{name}: #{before} -> #{after} triples (#{after - before >= 0 ? '+' : ''}#{after - before})"
-end
-
-puts "Writing #{graph.count} triples to #{output_path}..."
-RDF::Turtle::Writer.open(output_path, prefixes: {
-  rdf:  RDF.to_uri,
-  rdfs: RDF::RDFS.to_uri,
-  xsd:  RDF::XSD.to_uri,
-  base: RDF::URI.new('http://example.org/migrants/')
-}) do |writer|
-  graph.each_statement { |stmt| writer << stmt }
-end
-
-puts "Done."

queries/list_classes.sparql

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-SELECT DISTINCT ?class WHERE {
-  ?s a ?class .
-}
-ORDER BY ?class

queries/list_properties.sparql

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-SELECT DISTINCT ?property WHERE {
-  ?s ?property ?o .
-  FILTER(?property != <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type>)
-}
-ORDER BY ?property

src/map/step_01.rs

@@ -1,233 +0,0 @@
-/// Step 1: Direct Mapping from relational database to RDF.
-///
-/// Connects to MariaDB and produces `data/graph-01.ttl` following the
-/// W3C Direct Mapping specification.
-///
-/// Usage: Run from the mapping project directory:
-///   cargo run --release --bin step-01
-
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::fs;
-use std::io::BufWriter;
-
-use mysql::prelude::*;
-use mysql::*;
-use sophia::api::ns::{rdf, xsd};
-use sophia::api::prelude::*;
-use sophia::api::prefix::{Prefix, PrefixMapPair};
-use sophia::api::term::SimpleTerm;
-use sophia::turtle::serializer::turtle::{TurtleConfig, TurtleSerializer};
-
-type MyGraph = Vec<[SimpleTerm<'static>; 3]>;
-
-const BASE_IRI: &str = "http://example.org/migrants/";
-
-/// Primary keys for each table.
-const PRIMARY_KEYS: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
-    ("location", "IDLocation"),
-    ("migration_table", "IDMig"),
-    ("organisation", "IDOrganisation"),
-    ("person", "IDPerson"),
-    ("person_profession", "IDProfPerson"),
-    ("personnames", "IDPersonname"),
-    ("relationship", "IDRel"),
-    ("religions", "IDReligion"),
-    ("work", "IDWork"),
-];
-
-/// Foreign key definitions: (table, column, referenced_table).
-const FOREIGN_KEYS: &[(&str, &str, &str)] = &[
-    ("migration_table", "IDPerson", "person"),
-    ("migration_table", "IDStartPlace", "location"),
-    ("migration_table", "IDDestPlace", "location"),
-    ("organisation", "IDLocation", "location"),
-    ("person", "IDBirthPlace", "location"),
-    ("person", "IDDeathPlace", "location"),
-    ("personnames", "IDPerson", "person"),
-    ("person_profession", "IDPerson", "person"),
-    ("relationship", "IDPerson_active", "person"),
-    ("relationship", "IDPerson_passive", "person"),
-    ("relationship", "IDLocation", "location"),
-    ("relationship", "IDOrganisation", "organisation"),
-    ("religions", "IDPerson", "person"),
-    ("work", "IDPerson", "person"),
-    ("work", "IDLocation", "location"),
-    ("work", "IDOrganisation", "organisation"),
-    ("work", "IDOrganisation2", "organisation"),
-];
-
-fn build_fk_map() -> HashMap<(&'static str, &'static str), &'static str> {
-    let mut map = HashMap::new();
-    for &(table, col, ref_table) in FOREIGN_KEYS {
-        map.insert((table, col), ref_table);
-    }
-    map
-}
-
-fn row_iri(table: &str, pk_value: &str) -> SimpleTerm<'static> {
-    let encoded = urlencoding::encode(pk_value);
-    SimpleTerm::Iri(
-        sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-            format!("{}{}/{}", BASE_IRI, table, encoded).into(),
-        ),
-    )
-}
-
-fn class_iri(table: &str) -> SimpleTerm<'static> {
-    SimpleTerm::Iri(
-        sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(format!("{}{}", BASE_IRI, table).into()),
-    )
-}
-
-fn column_iri(table: &str, column: &str) -> SimpleTerm<'static> {
-    SimpleTerm::Iri(
-        sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-            format!("{}{}#{}", BASE_IRI, table, column).into(),
-        ),
-    )
-}
-
-fn ref_iri(table: &str, fk_col: &str) -> SimpleTerm<'static> {
-    SimpleTerm::Iri(
-        sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-            format!("{}{}#ref-{}", BASE_IRI, table, fk_col).into(),
-        ),
-    )
-}
-
-fn rdf_type_term() -> SimpleTerm<'static> {
-    SimpleTerm::Iri(sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-        rdf::type_.iri().unwrap().as_str().to_string().into(),
-    ))
-}
-
-fn to_rdf_literal(value: &Value) -> Option<SimpleTerm<'static>> {
-    match value {
-        Value::NULL => None,
-        Value::Int(i) => Some(SimpleTerm::LiteralDatatype(
-            i.to_string().into(),
-            sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-                xsd::integer.iri().unwrap().as_str().to_string().into(),
-            ),
-        )),
-        Value::UInt(u) => Some(SimpleTerm::LiteralDatatype(
-            u.to_string().into(),
-            sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-                xsd::integer.iri().unwrap().as_str().to_string().into(),
-            ),
-        )),
-        Value::Float(f) => Some(SimpleTerm::LiteralDatatype(
-            f.to_string().into(),
-            sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-                xsd::double.iri().unwrap().as_str().to_string().into(),
-            ),
-        )),
-        Value::Double(d) => Some(SimpleTerm::LiteralDatatype(
-            d.to_string().into(),
-            sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-                xsd::double.iri().unwrap().as_str().to_string().into(),
-            ),
-        )),
-        Value::Date(year, month, day, _, _, _, _) => Some(SimpleTerm::LiteralDatatype(
-            format!("{:04}-{:02}-{:02}", year, month, day).into(),
-            sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-                xsd::date.iri().unwrap().as_str().to_string().into(),
-            ),
-        )),
-        Value::Bytes(b) => {
-            let s = String::from_utf8_lossy(b).into_owned();
-            Some(SimpleTerm::LiteralDatatype(
-                s.into(),
-                sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-                    xsd::string.iri().unwrap().as_str().to_string().into(),
-                ),
-            ))
-        }
-        _ => {
-            // Treat everything else as a plain string literal
-            let s: String = from_value(value.clone());
-            Some(SimpleTerm::LiteralDatatype(
-                s.into(),
-                sophia::api::term::IriRef::new_unchecked(
-                    xsd::string.iri().unwrap().as_str().to_string().into(),
-                ),
-            ))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
-    let fk_map = build_fk_map();
-
-    let url = "mysql://migrants:1234@127.0.0.1:3306/migrants";
-    let pool = Pool::new(url)?;
-    let mut conn = pool.get_conn()?;
-
-    let mut graph = MyGraph::new();
-    let rdf_type = rdf_type_term();
-
-    for &(table, pk_col) in PRIMARY_KEYS {
-        let query = format!("SELECT * FROM `{}`", table);
-        let rows: Vec<Row> = conn.query(query)?;
-
-        for row in &rows {
-            let pk_value: String = row
-                .get::<Value, _>(pk_col)
-                .map(|v| from_value::<String>(v))
-                .unwrap_or_default();
-            let subject = row_iri(table, &pk_value);
-
-            // rdf:type
-            graph.push([subject.clone(), rdf_type.clone(), class_iri(table)]);
-
-            let columns = row.columns_ref();
-            for (i, col_def) in columns.iter().enumerate() {
-                let col_name = col_def.name_str().to_string();
-                let value: Value = row.get::<Value, _>(i).unwrap_or(Value::NULL);
-
-                if value == Value::NULL {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                if let Some(&ref_table) = fk_map.get(&(table, col_name.as_str())) {
-                    // Foreign key -> object property
-                    let fk_value: String = from_value(value);
-                    graph.push([
-                        subject.clone(),
-                        ref_iri(table, &col_name),
-                        row_iri(ref_table, &fk_value),
-                    ]);
-                } else {
-                    // Regular column -> datatype property
-                    if let Some(literal) = to_rdf_literal(&value) {
-                        graph.push([subject.clone(), column_iri(table, &col_name), literal]);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    let output_path = "data/graph-01.ttl";
-    fs::create_dir_all("data")?;
-    let file = fs::File::create(output_path)?;
-    let writer = BufWriter::new(file);
-
-    let mut prefix_map: Vec<PrefixMapPair> = TurtleConfig::default_prefix_map();
-    prefix_map.push((
-        Prefix::new_unchecked("rdf".into()),
-        Iri::new_unchecked("http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#".into()),
-    ));
-    prefix_map.push((
-        Prefix::new_unchecked("xsd".into()),
-        Iri::new_unchecked("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#".into()),
-    ));
-    let config = TurtleConfig::new().with_own_prefix_map(prefix_map);
-
-    let mut serializer = TurtleSerializer::new_with_config(writer, config);
-    serializer.serialize_graph(&graph)?;
-
-    let count = graph.len();
-    eprintln!("Written {} triples to {}", count, output_path);
-
-    Ok(())
-}

src/map/step_02.rs

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-/// Step 2: Apply SPARQL UPDATE queries to transform the RDF graph.
-///
-/// Loads `data/graph-01.ttl`, applies all SPARQL UPDATE queries from the
-/// `updates/` directory (sorted alphabetically), and writes the result
-/// to `data/graph-02.ttl`.
-///
-/// Usage: Run from the mapping project directory:
-///   cargo run --release --bin step-02
-
-use std::fs;
-
-use oxigraph::io::{RdfFormat, RdfParser};
-use oxigraph::model::GraphNameRef;
-use oxigraph::store::Store;
-
-fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
-    let input_path = "data/graph-01.ttl";
-    let output_path = "data/graph-02.ttl";
-    let updates_dir = "updates";
-
-    // Create in-memory store and load input graph
-    let store = Store::new()?;
-
-    eprintln!("Loading graph from {}...", input_path);
-    let input = fs::File::open(input_path)?;
-    let reader = std::io::BufReader::new(input);
-    let parser = RdfParser::from_format(RdfFormat::Turtle)
-        .without_named_graphs()
-        .with_default_graph(GraphNameRef::DefaultGraph);
-    store.load_from_reader(parser, reader)?;
-
-    let initial_count = count_triples(&store);
-    eprintln!("Loaded {} triples.", initial_count);
-
-    // Read and sort SPARQL UPDATE files
-    let mut update_files: Vec<_> = fs::read_dir(updates_dir)?
-        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
-        .map(|e| e.path())
-        .filter(|p| {
-            p.extension()
-                .and_then(|e| e.to_str())
-                .map_or(false, |e| e == "rq")
-        })
-        .collect();
-    update_files.sort();
-
-    // Apply each SPARQL UPDATE query
-    for query_file in &update_files {
-        let query = fs::read_to_string(query_file)?;
-        let name = query_file
-            .file_name()
-            .and_then(|n| n.to_str())
-            .unwrap_or("unknown");
-
-        let before = count_triples(&store);
-        store.update(&query)?;
-        let after = count_triples(&store);
-
-        let diff = after as i64 - before as i64;
-        let sign = if diff >= 0 { "+" } else { "" };
-        eprintln!(
-            "Applied {}: {} -> {} triples ({}{})",
-            name, before, after, sign, diff
-        );
-    }
-
-    let final_count = count_triples(&store);
-    eprintln!("Writing {} triples to {}...", final_count, output_path);
-
-    // Dump store to Turtle
-    fs::create_dir_all("data")?;
-    let output = fs::File::create(output_path)?;
-    let writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(output);
-    store.dump_graph_to_writer(GraphNameRef::DefaultGraph, RdfFormat::Turtle, writer)?;
-
-    eprintln!("Done.");
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-fn count_triples(store: &Store) -> usize {
-    store
-        .quads_for_pattern(None, None, None, None)
-        .count()
-}

src/schema.rb

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env ruby
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-# Usage: ruby src/schema.rb TYPE [--graph FILE]
-#   TYPE: classes | properties
-#   FILE: path to an RDF/Turtle file (default: last data/graph-*.ttl)
-
-require 'bundler/setup'
-require 'rdf'
-require 'rdf/turtle'
-require 'sparql'
-
-type = ARGV.shift
-if !%w[classes properties].include?(type)
-  abort "Usage: ruby src/schema.rb TYPE [--graph FILE]\n  TYPE: classes | properties"
-end
-
-graph_file = nil
-if ARGV[0] == '--graph'
-  ARGV.shift
-  graph_file = ARGV.shift
-end
-
-graph_file ||= Dir.glob(File.join('data', 'graph-*.ttl')).sort.last
-
-abort "No graph file found." if graph_file.nil? || !File.exist?(graph_file)
-
-query_file = File.join(__dir__, '..', 'queries', "list_#{type}.sparql")
-query = File.read(query_file)
-
-$stderr.puts "Loading #{graph_file}..."
-graph = RDF::Graph.load(graph_file)
-$stderr.puts "Loaded #{graph.count} triples."
-
-solutions = SPARQL.execute(query, graph)
-
-key = type == 'classes' ? :class : :property
-solutions.each do |solution|
-  puts solution[key].to_s
-end

updates/001-location-continent.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#Continent> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#Continent> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Continent> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#Continent> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Continent-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/002-location-country.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#Country> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#Country> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Country> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#Country> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Country-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/003-location-state.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#State> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#State> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/State> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#State> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/State-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/004-location-city.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#City> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#City> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/City> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/location#City> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/City-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/005-migration_table-reason.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/migration_table#reason> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/migration_table#reason> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/MigrationReason> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/migration_table#reason> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/MigrationReason-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/006-migration_table-reason2.rq

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/migration_table#reason2> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/migration_table#reason2> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/MigrationReason> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/migration_table#reason2> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/MigrationReason-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/007-organisation-insttype.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/organisation#InstType> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/organisation#InstType> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/InstitutionType> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/organisation#InstType> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/InstitutionType-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/008-person-gender.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#gender> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#gender> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Gender> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#gender> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Gender-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/009-person-nametype.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#Nametype> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#Nametype> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Nametype> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#Nametype> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Nametype-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/010-person-importsource.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#Importsource> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#Importsource> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/ImportSource> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person#Importsource> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/ImportSource-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/011-person_profession-eprofession.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person_profession#Eprofession> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person_profession#Eprofession> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Profession> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/person_profession#Eprofession> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Profession-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/012-personnames-nametype.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/personnames#Nametype> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/personnames#Nametype> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Nametype> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/personnames#Nametype> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Nametype-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/013-relationship-relationshiptype.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/relationship#Relationshiptype> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/relationship#Relationshiptype> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/RelationshipType> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/relationship#Relationshiptype> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/RelationshipType-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/014-relationship-relationshiptype_precise.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/relationship#relationshiptype_precise> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/relationship#relationshiptype_precise> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/RelationshipTypePrecise> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/relationship#relationshiptype_precise> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/RelationshipTypePrecise-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/015-religions-religion.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/religions#religion> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/religions#religion> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Religion> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/religions#religion> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Religion-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/016-work-profession.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Profession> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Profession-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/017-work-profession2.rq

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession2> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession2> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Profession> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession2> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Profession-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/018-work-profession3.rq

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession3> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession3> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/Profession> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#Profession3> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/Profession-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}

updates/019-work-employmenttype.rq

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
-
-DELETE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#EmploymentType> ?val .
-}
-INSERT {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#EmploymentType> ?obj .
-  ?obj a <http://example.org/migrants/EmploymentType> .
-  ?obj rdfs:label ?label .
-}
-WHERE {
-  ?s <http://example.org/migrants/work#EmploymentType> ?val .
-  BIND(IRI(CONCAT("http://example.org/migrants/EmploymentType-", ENCODE_FOR_URI(REPLACE(?val, " ", "")))) AS ?obj)
-  BIND(STRLANG(STR(?val), "en") AS ?label)
-}